eng utf8 dataset dataset U.S. Geological Survey MTBS Project Manager 800-252-4547

47914 252nd Street Sioux Falls SD 57198 US burnseverity@usgs.gov

pointOfContact 2025-08-11 ISO 19139 Geographic Information - Metadata - Implementation Specification 2007 3 row 279 30.000000 column 286 30.000000 vertical 1 area -7467741.799000 2028168.787800 -7467741.799000 2058888.787800 -7270251.799000 2058888.787800 -7270251.799000 2028168.787800 -7368996.799000 2043528.787800 center 3857 EPSG 6.18.3(9.3.1.2) 2024-08-08 publication U.S. Geological Survey originator USDA Forest Service originator mapDigital A Project for Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity The Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic scales and are intended to meet a variety of information needs that require consistent data about fire effects through space and time. This map layer is a thematic raster image of MTBS burn severity classes for all inventoried fires occurring in Puerto_Rico. Fires omitted from this mapped inventory are those where suitable satellite imagery was not available, or fires were not discernable from available imagery. The data generated by MTBS will be used to identify national trends in burn severity, providing information necessary to monitor the effectiveness of the National Fire Plan and Healthy Forests Restoration Act. MTBS is sponsored by the Wildland Fire Leadership Council (WFLC), a multi-agency oversight group responsible for implementing and coordinating the National Fire Plan and Federal Wildland Fire Management Policies. The MTBS project objective is to provide consistent, 30-meter spatial resolution burn severity data and burned area delineations that will serve four primary user groups including: 1. National policies and policy makers such as the National Fire Plan and WFLC which require information about long-term trends in burn severity and recent burn severity impacts within vegetation types, fuel models, condition classes, and land management activities. 2. Field management units that benefit from mid to broad scale GIS-ready maps and data for pre- and post-fire assessment and monitoring. Field units that require finer scale burn severity data will also benefit from increased efficiency, reduced costs, and data consistency by starting with MTBS data. 3. Existing databases from other comparably scaled programs, such as Fire Regime and Condition Class (FRCC) within LANDFIRE, that will benefit from MTBS data for validation and updating of geospatial datasets. 4. Academic and government agency research entities interested in fire severity data over significant geographic and temporal extents. Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity Project (U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service) completed U.S. Geological Survey MTBS Project Manager 800-252-4547

47914 252nd Street Sioux Falls SD 57198 US burnseverity@usgs.gov

pointOfContact United States Continental U.S. Alaska Hawaii Puerto Rico place US CONUS AK HI PR place 2013-2023 temporal imageryBaseMapsEarthCover theme Wildfire Prescribed fire Fire occurrence Landsat Differenced normalized burn ratio Wildland fire Normalized burn ratio MTBS Burned area Burn severity Fire location Location Sentinel theme There are no restrictions on use, except for reasonable and proper acknowledgement of information sources.The USDA Forest Service makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, reliability, completeness or utility of these geospatial data, or for the improper or incorrect use of these geospatial data. These geospatial data and related maps or graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The data and maps may not be used to determine title, ownership, legal descriptions or boundaries, legal jurisdiction, or restrictions that may be in place on either public or private land. Natural hazards may or may not be depicted on the data and maps, and land users should exercise due caution. The data are dynamic and may change over time. The user is responsible to verify the limitations of the geospatial data and to use the data accordingly. Additionally, the U.S. Forest Service waives copyright and related rights in the work worldwide through the CC0 (which can be found at https://creativecommons.org/public-domain/cc0/). In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the State or local Agency that administers the program or contact USDA through the Telecommunications Relay Service at 711 (voice and TTY). Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Mail Stop 9410, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. 2007 publication Jeff Eidenshink originator Brian Schwind originator Ken Brewer originator Zhi-Liang Zhu originator Brad Quayle originator Stephen Howard originator Fire Ecology Special Issue Vol. 3, No. 1, 2007 largerWorkCitation grid eng utf8 imageryBaseMapsEarthCover location ERDAS Imagine and ESRI ArcGIS true -65.39120867257246 -65.30979012703082 18.10658421209149 18.18187400715221 ground condition 2013 true -67.083866 -65.309783 17.919846 18.182226 This dataset contains thresholded burn severity data available for the specified state or geographic region at time of publication. The dataset may be updated as burn severity data for additional MTBS fires are completed, or otherwise revised as necessary. See https://www.mtbs.gov/ for project information and data access. Refer to https://www.mtbs.gov/contact for additional support. image Band_1 Unified Code of Units of Measure 8 GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey 1-888-275-8747

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 Denver CO 80225 US sciencebase@usgs.gov

distributor None Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NETC0T dataset MTBS analysts examine the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image for each fire in the context of remote sensing spectral data and any ancillary information available to the analyst. dNBR image data for each fire are thresholded into classes representing unburned areas; areas of low, moderate, high burn severities; and areas of increased vegetation response. Analysts follow guidelines established by subject matter experts to maintain consistency in discerning burn severity thresholds from fire to fire and minimize subjectivity. No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this map layer. Data completeness reflects the availability of fire occurrence information and/or availability of suitable imagery (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B), and the current progression of processing by the MTBS program in the specified state or geographic region. In some areas, fires smaller than the specified MTBS fire size criteria may be present. These fires were mapped using MTBS mapping protocols to meet the data/information needs of other unrelated programs but are included in the MTBS database. Each image used to create the burn severity assessment (utilizing Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B), was precision terrain-corrected using 3-arc-second digital terrain elevation data, and Geo registered using ground control points. This resulted in a root mean square registration error of less than 1 pixel (30-meters). N/A For a detailed definition and discussion on the processing and production of MTBS geospatial data, please refer to https://www.mtbs.gov. A synopsis of the production of this layer is provided below. MTBS burn severity class data are derived from data obtained from suitable imagery (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B). A pre- and a post-fire scene are used to create a dNBR image. The continuous dNBR image portrays the variations of burn severity within the fire. In exceptional circumstances, a suitable pre-fire image may not be available to generate a dNBR. Consequently, analysis and assessment are conducted using the post-fire Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) image only. The MTBS mapping approach has consistently occurred in five primary steps: 1. Fire Occurrence Data Compilation 2. Scene Selection and Image Pre-processing 3. Perimeter Delineation 4. Burn Severity Interpretation 5. Data Distribution; 1. Fire Occurrence Data Compilation: Historically, MTBS compiled fire occurrence data from several federal and state databases that maintained little consistency in standards for content, geospatial accuracy, and nomenclature. These datasets were then filtered and standardized internally by MTBS staff to reduce duplication of incident records reported by multiple agencies, and to resolve gross geospatial inaccuracies that were commonly found in the source data. In recent years, significant improvements have been made to streamline the reporting procedures and data exchange for land management agencies in their creation and maintenance of fire occurrence data. Specifically, the Integrated Reporting of Wildland-Fire Information (IRWIN) Project has provided an end-to-end fire reporting system focused on the goals of reducing redundant data entry, identifying authoritative data sources, and improving the consistency, accuracy, and availability of operational data. Through a multi-year phased approach, the IRWIN Project is tasked with identifying and integrating fire occurrence data from several different sources and applications. Fire occurrence data from IRWIN are routinely ingested into a database maintained by MTBS and other postfire mapping programs, and currently make up the bulk of the records used by MTBS to identify candidate fires for mapping. More information on IRWIN can be found at: https://www.forestsandrangelands.gov/WFIT/applications/IRWIN/index.shtml. 2024-08-08T00:00:00 2. Scene Selection and Image Pre-processing: For fire events that meet the minimum size requirement for MTBS mapping, corresponding Landsat or Sentinel scenes are selected based upon the reported location and ignition date. After an initial review and determination of the appropriate assessment strategy: initial, extended, or single scene, candidate pre-fire and postfire scenes are reviewed and downloaded using tools and applications developed by U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, such as Earth Explorer and GloVis. Limitations due to scene quality are common in areas prone to cloud cover (e.g., the Southeast United States). Other atmospheric conditions such as smoke from active fires, terrain shadows and other obscurations also reduce the number of candidate scenes. In addition, northern latitudes are subject to a shorter period of optimal scene selection due to undesirable sun angles in the fall and a shorter growing season. Downloaded scenes are processed to generate top-of-atmosphere reflectance images according to existing USGS-EROS protocols that include geometric (including terrain correction) and radiometric correction through the Landsat Ground Processing System process. Prior to processing the imagery into a burn severity product, pre-fire and postfire images are inspected for co-registration accuracy and corrected if spatial differences are noted. Using the reflectance imagery, a Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) image is generated for each pre-fire and postfire scene as the normalized difference between middle infrared and near infrared wavelength bands and then differenced to create a dNBR image. A relativized dNBR (RdNBR) is also calculated to evaluate potential limitations of dNBR to characterize fire severity on low biomass sites and potentially enhance inter-fire comparability of the results at larger ecological scales. Processing the Landsat image data to NBR, dNBR and RdNBR is a straightforward series of calculations relying principally on automated production sequences. 2024-08-08T00:00:00 3. Perimeter Delineation: The burned area boundary is delineated by on-screen interpretation of the reflectance imagery, NBR, dNBR and/or RdNBR images. The mapping analyst digitizes a perimeter to include any detectable fire area derived from these images. Clouds, cloud shadows, snow or other anomalies intersecting the fire area are also delineated and used to generate a mask later in the workflow. The mapping analyst may inspect and/or modify an existing burn area boundary and mask sourced from a reputable fire occurrence dataset or fire detection model when available. To ensure consistency and high spatial precision, digitization and inspection is performed at on-screen display scales between 1:24000 and 1:50000. 2024-08-08T00:00:00 4. Burn Severity Interpretation: The process of developing a categorical burn severity product is subjective and is dependent on analyst interpretation. The analyst evaluates the dNBR data range and determines where significant thresholds exist in the data to discriminate between burn severity classes. Interpretations are conducted on the NBR, dNBR and RdNBR data, aided by the pre-fire and postfire imagery, and analyst experience with fire behavior and effects in each ecological setting. Where available, high-resolution imagery is visually inspected to provide confidence in selecting the burn severity thresholds. Thresholding dNBR data into thematic class values results in an intuitive map depicting a manageable number of ecologically significant classes (typically 4 to 7 class values). There are uncertainties in this approach stemming from analyst subjectivity and limited or no plot data to guide threshold selection. Ecological significance of burn severity classes will also likely vary across regions and landscapes and one set of thresholds cannot be expected to apply equally well to all analysis objectives and management issues. 2024-08-08T00:00:00 5. Data Distribution: The primary access point for acquiring MTBS data is through the program website: https://www.mtbs.gov. There you will find an interactive viewer which allows users to search for and download individual fire data in addition to direct download options for state and national data products. Connection information is also provided for those interested in using web map services. 2024-08-08T00:00:00