USGS NH 2021/2022 6-inch Orthophotos


Identification Information:
Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20240122
Title: USGS NH 2021/2022 6-inch Orthophotos
Geospatial Data Presentation Form: remote-sensing image
Online Linkage: https://nhgeodata.unh.edu/nhgeodata/rest/services/ImageServices/NH_2021_2022_6in_RGB/ImageServer
Description:
Abstract: Product: This orthoimagery data set includes 0.5-foot resolution (GSD) digital orthoimages in 8-bit 4-band (RGB-IR) GeoTIFF tiles that were mosaicked into a statewide data set and published as image services in RGB and CIR format. Geographic Extent: 10 counties in New Hampshire, covering approximately 9350 total square miles. Dataset Description: The USGS NH Statewide Orthos project called for the planning, acquisition, processing, and derivative products of imagery data to be collected at a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.5. Project specifications are based on the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) standards. The data were developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD 1983 HARN StatePlane New Hampshire FIPS 2800 Feet, Foot US. Imagery data were delivered as 0.5 8-bit 4-band (RGB-IR) GeoTIFF tiles. Tiled deliverables contained 10807 individual 5000 ft x 5000 ft tiles. Ground Conditions: Imagery was collected in spring 2021 and 2022, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the imagery data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy guidelines, NV5 Geospatial utilized a total of 3 ground control points to assess the horizontal accuracy of the data.
Purpose: These data depict geographic features on the surface of the earth. The dataset was created to current imagery data for New Hampshire.
Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Range of Dates/Times:
Beginning Date: 20210409
Ending Date: 20220509
Currentness Reference: Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance and Update Frequency: None planned
Spatial Domain:
Bounding Coordinates:
West Bounding Coordinate: -72.6172920049
East Bounding Coordinate: -70.5547675042
North Bounding Coordinate: 45.3127965177
South Bounding Coordinate: 42.6862343577
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme Keyword Thesaurus: None
Theme Keyword: GeoTIFF
Theme Keyword: natural color orthophoto
Theme Keyword: rectified photograph
Theme Keyword: rectified image
Theme Keyword: orthoimage
Theme Keyword: image map
Theme Keyword: 0.5 orthoimage
Theme Keyword: orthophoto
Place:
Place Keyword Thesaurus: None
Place Keyword: Cheshire County
Place Keyword: Coos County
Place Keyword: Carroll County
Place Keyword: Merrimack County
Place Keyword: Strafford County
Place Keyword: Belknap County
Place Keyword: Grafton County
Place Keyword: New Hampshire
Place Keyword: Sullivan County
Place Keyword: Rockingham County
Place Keyword: Hillsborough County
Access Constraints: No restrictions apply to these data.
Use Constraints: None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of their limitations. Acknowledgement of NH GRANIT would be appreciated for products derived from these data.
Data Set Credit: NH GRANIT
Native Data Set Environment: Esri ArcGIS 10.6; ImageStation Orientation 2020; Leica MissionPro; OrthoPro 2020
Data Quality Information:
Attribute Value Accuracy Information:
Attribute Accuracy Report: Radiometry is verified by visual inspection of the digital orthophoto. Slight systematic radiometric differences may exist between adjacent orthoimage files; these are due primarily to differences in source image capture dates and sun angles along flight lines. These differences can be observed in an image's general lightness or darkness when it is compared to adjacent orthoimage file coverages. Tonal balancing may be performed over a group of images during the mosaicking process which may serve to lighten or darken adjacent images for better color tone matching.
Logical Consistency Report: All GeoTIFF tagged data and image file sizes are validated using commercial GIS software to ensure proper loading before being archived. This validation procedure ensures correct physical format and field values for tagged elements. Seamlines and tile edges are visually inspected. Seamline mismatches are corrected unless the overall displacement is less than one pixel.
Completeness Report: Orthoimages are visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacements exist within and between adjacent images. These images are derived by mosaicking multiple images to ensure complete coverage. Source imagery is cloud free.
Positional Accuracy:
Horizontal Positional Accuracy:
Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report: The project specifications require that only horizontal accuracy be computed for orthoimagery files. The required accuracy meets or exceeds ASPRS standards. The horizontal accuracy was tested with 3 checkpoints located throughout the project area. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the imagery data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. The x and y positions of where the checkpoints fell on the orthoimagery were collected. These values were then compared to the surveyed control point x and y values.
Quantitative Horizontal Positional Accuracy Assessment:
Horizontal Positional Accuracy Value: 0.128
Horizontal Positional Accuracy Explanation: Tested 0.128 meters (0.42 feet) RMSEx. The RMSEx of the imagery was calculated using 3 independent checkpoints.
Positional Accuracy:
Vertical Positional Accuracy:
Vertical Positional Accuracy Report: There is no vertical component for orthophotos.
Lineage:
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20240122
Title: RGB Image Service
Type of Source Media: onLine
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Single Date/Time:
Calendar Date: 20240101
Source Currentness Reference: publication date
Source Citation Abbreviation: RGB Image Service
Source Contribution: A statewide mosaic of the original GeoTIFF images displaying as RGB
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20230710
Title: DEM
Type of Source Media: onLine
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Single Date/Time:
Calendar Date: 20210101
Source Currentness Reference: publication date
Source Citation Abbreviation: DEM
Source Contribution: A compilation of topographic land form elevation datasets developed using in-house LiDAR data and data from the USGS 3DEP downloaded from THE National Map and a lidar derived statewide DEM from UNH for use in developing digital ortho imagery.
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20230710
Title: Georeferenced Single Frames
Type of Source Media: None
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Range of Dates/Times:
Beginning Date: 20210409
Ending Date: 20220509
Source Currentness Reference: ground condition
Source Citation Abbreviation: Georeferenced Single Frames
Source Contribution: Aerial imagery was acquired using a UltraCam Eagle camera with a flight design that included a total of 182 flight lines. Aerial imagery was supplemented with the simultaneous acquisition of airborne GPS/IMU data, which captured the ground coordinate for the nadir point of each photograph. Aerial imagery was exposed at an altitude of 10400 feet above mean terrain.
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20240122
Title: CIR Image Service
Type of Source Media: onLine
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Single Date/Time:
Calendar Date: 20240101
Source Currentness Reference: publication date
Source Citation Abbreviation: CIR Image Service
Source Contribution: A statewide mosaic of the original GeoTIFF images displaying as CIR
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20230710
Title: Aerotriangulation
Type of Source Media: onLine
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Single Date/Time:
Calendar Date: 20230101
Source Currentness Reference: ground condition
Source Citation Abbreviation: Aerotriangulation
Source Contribution: Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed utilizing the airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control and image coordinate measurements allowing the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image of the project.
Source Information:
Source Citation:
Citation Information:
Publication Date: 20230710
Title: GPS Photo Control Survey
Type of Source Media: onLine
Source Time Period of Content:
Time Period Information:
Single Date/Time:
Calendar Date: 20210608
Source Currentness Reference: ground condition
Source Citation Abbreviation: GPS Photo Control Survey
Source Contribution: NV5 Geospatial performed a geodetic control survey in support of the digital orthophoto production project. A total of 122 points were used for QC testing. Please see the survey report for more information.
Process Step:
Process Description:
Orthophoto Processing: Utilizing all four bands [blue (B), green (G), red (R), and infrared (IR)] digital orthorectification was performed using bilinear interpolation algorithms resulting in a spatial and radiometric transformation of the digital image from line/sample space into NAD 1983 HARN StatePlane New Hampshire FIPS 2800 Feet, Foot US. The interior and exterior orientation parameters from the aerotriangulation process were used to project each pixel into the ground coordinate system, while the ortho grade DEM was used to correct for relief displacement. Radiometric correction software and techniques were used to create orthophoto files that minimize the appearance of image seams and without loss of feature signature. Orthophotos are checked for geometric accuracy, image quality, and are tonally balanced to produce a uniform contrast and tone across the entire project. The individual overlapping orthophoto frames were mosaicked together. The ortho photos meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy standards.
Process Date: 20230710
Process Step:
Process Description:
Surface Creation: This process involved the development of seamless topographic landform elevation dataset utilizing in-house LiDAR data and data from the National Elevation Dataset to support the production of digital orthophotography that meet or exceed required orthophoto horizontal accuracy. The topographic features included a grid of elevation points and may include break lines that define ridges, valleys, edge of water, transportation features and abrupt changes in elevation. The final DEM is suitable for orthophoto production only (not suitable for contour generation). The DEM is used to then generate a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) to support orthophoto production.
Process Date: 20230710
Process Step:
Process Description:
Imagery Acquisition: Digital aerial imagery was obtained using a UltraCam Eagle camera equipped with Airborne GPS/IMU. A total of 182 flight lines were collected in the spring 2021 and 2022 in multi-spectral (RGB-IR) format. The 0.5 imagery was acquired at an altitude above mean terrain of 10400 feet to yield a pixel resolution suitable for photogrammetric mapping and orthophoto production. The imagery was collected under conditions free from clouds and cloud shadows, smoke, fog, haze, light streaks, snow, ice on water bodies, flooding, excessive soil moisture, and foliage. The imagery consisted of blue, green, red, and infrared bands. Imagery for the photogrammetric mapping and digital orthophotos was captured according to task order specifications regarding, snow, haze, and cloud cover.
Process Date: 20230710
Process Step:
Process Description:
Ground Control Point Collection: A total of 122 control points were established throughout the project area using a combination of conventional and GPS survey methods in order to support softcopy aerotriangulation and photogrammetric mapping meeting the accuracies specified in this Scope of Work. Ground control collection followed requirements set forth in the task order specifications. Please see the survey report for more information.
Process Date: 20230710
Process Step:
Process Description:
Aerotriangulation: Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed on one large block of imagery. The airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control, and image coordinate measurements were utilized to allow the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image frame to support the photogrammetric process and orthophoto production.
Process Date: 20230710
Process Step:
Process Description:
Created an ArcGIS Mosaic Dataset comprising the original 10,807 GeoTIFF images. The Mosaic Dataset was published as image services in both RGB and CIR color combinations.
Process Date: 20240122
Spatial Data Organization Information:
Raster Object Information:
Raster Object Type: Grid Cell
Row Count: 1911312
Column Count: 1061312
Entity and Attribute Information:
Overview Description:
Entity and Attribute Overview:
Three band orthoimagery is organized in three color bands or channels which represent the red, green, and blue (RGB) portions of the spectrum. Four band orthoimagery is organized in four color bands or channels which represent the red, green, blue (RGB), and near infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum. Each image pixel is assigned a triplet or quadruplet of numeric values, one for each color band. Numeric values range from 0 to 255.
Entity and Attribute Detail Citation: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Standards for Digital Orthophotos: Reston, VA.
Metadata Reference Information:
Metadata Date: 20240122
Metadata Contact:
Contact Information:
Contact Organization Primary:
Contact Organization: NH GRANIT, Earth Systems Research Center
Contact Address:
Address Type: mailing and physical
Address: Morse Hall, University of New Hampshire
City: Durham
State or Province: NH
Postal Code: 03824
Country: US
Contact Voice Telephone: 603-862-1214
Contact Facsimile Telephone: 603-862-0188
Hours: Monday through Friday 9 AM to 5 PM (Eastern Time)
Metadata Standard Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata Standard Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata Time Convention: local time
Metadata Security Information:
Metadata Security Classification System: None.
Metadata Security Classification: Unclassified
Metadata Security Handling Description: NONE